Instruments, Sensors, Measurement Modules and More

Our instrument portfolio, at present spanning some ten models, range from the state-of-art Hot Disk® TPS 3500 to the budgetary step-in model Hot Disk M1. Hot Disk instruments are tailored to our range of measurement modules, sensors, and accessories to align with customer needs. Additional functionality is easy to integrate with extant systems at every stage. A full ten measurement modules are currently available for a plethora of application scenarios, while some forty sensor models are fitted to different sample types, sizes and temperature environments. Hot Disk also offers a wide spectrum of accessories, from temperature control units (TCUs) and sensor-switch units to sample holders and sensor fixtures.

All these factors combine to make Hot Disk® instruments the world’s most flexible, reliable, and widely appreciated systems for analysing Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, Thermal Effusivity, and Specific Heat Capacity, for material research and quality control (QC). They follow ISO 22007-2 and are CE marked.

The Cutting Edge Hot Disk® Instrument Portfolio

The precision and versatility of the equipment we provide is unmatched and offers a wide range of advanced features and possibilities.

Measurement Precision. Unmatched measurement precision, via the state-of-the-art micro-Kelvin temperature sensitivity.

Measurement Range. Unmatched thermal conductivity range, from 0.005 to 1800 W/mK.

Sample Types. Tackling all types of samples – bulks, slabs, sheets, foils, films, textiles, composites, laminates, stacks, granules, powders, pastes, gels, creams, foams, liquids, insulators, etc. – whether electrically conductive or insulating.

Sample Size. Tackling sample thicknesses spanning centimeter down to micrometer scale.

Anisotropy Testing. Measurement of direction-dependent Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity in 2D and 3D anisotropic samples.

QC Testing. Unique quality control (QC) testing capabilities of materials and components, via:

  • Rapid and non-destructive testing, ideal for time-sensitive production lines.
  • Efficiently and swiftly localizing defects and structural changes in materials or components through depth profiling of the Thermal Conductivity.

Battery Testing. World-leading battery testing capabilities:

  • Testing anisotropic Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of layered battery composites.
  • Testing Specific Heat Capacity of button-, cylindrical-, prismatic-, and pouch cells, ranging from millimeter to decimeter scale in size.

Instruments & Auxiliaries

Instruments

A wide range of Hot Disk® instrument models is available for testing and measuring Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, Thermal Effusivity and Specific Heat Capacity following ISO 22007-2. While typically generous of measurement spectrum, our top-of-the-line instruments are unique in monitoring ultra-short transient temperature readings, thereby tackling sub-millimeter-thick samples and highly-thermal conducting materials, beyond 1800 W/m/K. A further unique feature of our instrumentation is that it requires no external calibration. Our clients can confidently continue its employ, without worrying over the inconvenience of being obliged to return their instruments for re-calibration at regular intervals. Each Hot Disk® instrument includes two LEMO connector ports: one for the relevant Hot Disk® sensor, and one for the optional PT100 ambient temperature sensor.1 Please consult our interactive links below, to help determine which Hot Disk® instrument is best suited to your intended applications and needs.

Measurement Modules

Hot Disk® instruments can be tailored to specific testing needs not only by the selection of sensors, but also by the wide range of measurement modules available. These modules allow for the testing of samples of special geometries, thermal conductivity ranges and material types. The Isotropic Module is the standard module for measuring bulk samples, and is included in all instruments.2 The add-on modules in turn extend the capabilities of your instrument, for example to tackle anisotropic-, slab-, or thin film samples. Based on long client experience, Hot Disk conveniently offers its clients clustered configurations along with many instrument models, via grouping several modules of related interest together, or by providing for the full available range. In effect, this means Hot Disk customers have the option of ordering several add-on modules at a quantity discount. Please contact your local Hot Disk sales representative for available cluster options.

Hot Disk® Measurement Modules

Illustration for the Hot Disk Isotropic Standard Module
Isotropic (Standard)
All-round testing of bulk samples

Our foundational and powerful Isotropic Measurement Module allows the Hot Disk® Instrument user to measure the Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, Thermal Effusivity and Specific Heat Capacity of any isotropic bulk sample, whether a solid, liquid, granule, powder, paste, gel, foam or insulator, with high accuracy. The Hot Disk® sensor is clamped between two identical sample pieces. Sample thickness ranges from several centimeters down to sub-millimeter format.

Works with Hot Disk® Instruments:

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Illustration for the Hot Disk Anisotropic Module
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Anisotropic (Add‑on)
Testing samples with direction dependent properties

With our add-on Anisotropic Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can measure the direction dependent Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, and Thermal Effusivity of an anisotropic sample, whether a crystalline or polycrystalline material, laminate, fiber composite, adhesive, film stack, foil stack, insulator, etc. Samples with 2D or 3D anisotropy, i.e. of an uniaxial or biaxial medium, can be analyzed.

Works with Hot Disk® Instruments:

  • * Can handle samples with 3D anisotropy
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Illustration for the Hot Disk Slab Module
Slab (Add‑on)
Testing highly thermal conductive slab or sheet samples

With our add-on Slab Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can accurately measure the in-plane Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, and Thermal Effusivity of a highly thermal conductive slab or sheet sample. The slab or sheet can be a metal plate, graphite sheet or laminate, semiconductor wafer, silicone film, metal foil, etc. Sample thickness ranges from several millimeters down to micrometers.

Works with Hot Disk® Instruments:

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Illustration for the Hot Disk Thin Film Module
Thin Film (Add‑on)
Testing thermal insulating thin film samples

With our add-on Thin Film Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can easily measure the through-plane Thermal Conductivity of a thermal insulating film or coating, with thickness in the micrometer range. The film can be a plastic, paper, flexible glass etc., while the coating can be a sprayed polymer, sputtered dielectric, spin-coated ceramic, etc.

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Illustration for the Hot Disk Low-Density Module
Low-Density / Highly-Insulating (Add‑on)
Testing the lightest and most insulating samples

With our add-on Low-Density / Highly-Insulating Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can confidently measure the Thermal Conductivity of ultra-low thermal conducting materials such as aerogels. Applying special routines to carefully correct for the heat loss via the sensor leads during a measurement, samples with Thermal Conductivity as low as 0.01 W/mK can be determined with high accuracy.

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Illustration for the Hot Disk One-Dimensional Module
One-Dimensional (Add‑on)
Testing rod-like samples

With our add-on One-Dimensional Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can measure the through-plane Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, and Thermal Effusivity of a rod-like sample, with width down to 1.5 millimeters and length down to 4 millimeters. This module comes in handy when sample amounts are limited, for example regarding precious metal bars or ingots, graphite pellets, and spark-plasma-sintered materials.

Works with Hot Disk® Instruments:

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Illustration for the Hot Disk Structural Probe Module
Structural Probe (Add‑on)
Identify defects and structural changes inside samples and components

With our add-on Structural Probe Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can measure the Thermal Conductivity as a function of depth into relevant samples, ranging from sub-millimeter up to plural centimeter formats. This unique capability offers a powerful tool for QC testing, as homogeneity, defect detection or analysis of inhomogeneous substances, inside a sample or component, can thus be tested non-destructively. Examples of components include rubber tires, brake pads, and graphite-epoxy structures.

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Illustration for the Hot Disk Single-Sided Testing Module
Single-Sided Testing (Add‑on)
Rapid production line QC testing

With our add-on Single-Sided Testing Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can measure the Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, Thermal Effusivity, and Specific Heat Capacity with high precision, while not being required to clamp the Hot Disk® sensor between two identical sample pieces. Instead the Hot Disk® sensor, together with a thermal insulating background support, is placed on the surface of a single sample piece or component. This allows for quick QC measurements of adequate precision at a production line assembly.

Works with Hot Disk® Instruments:

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Illustration for the Hot Disk Specific Heat Capacity Module
Specific Heat Capacity (Add‑on)
Testing Cp of complex samples and batteries

With our add-on Specific Heat Capacity Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can directly measure the Specific Heat Capacity (Cp) of complex samples or components with high accuracy. These include solids with non-flat surfaces, anisotropic composites or crystals, low viscosity liquids, and components with significantly varying size. Topical examples of the latter are batteries (button-, cylindrical-, prismatic-, and pouch-cells). Precise measurements are conducted using our dedicated Hot Cell™ sensors. It should be noted that it is possible to use our Hot Disk® sensors for bulk samples with flat surface and high thermal conductivity (>5 W/mK), while we recommend the use of our Hot Cell™ sensors in such scenarios.

Works with Hot Disk® Instruments:

  • * Only measurements without a Hot Cell™ sensor.
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Illustration for the Hot Disk Automation Module
Automation (Add‑on)
Remote-controlled testing

With our add-on Automation Measurement Module, the Hot Disk® Instrument user can fully remote-control measurements via the TCP/IP protocol. This module is an essential tool when using an instrument for QC testing in a sensitive production line assembly. It also comes in handy for situations when the operator does not have direct access to the instrument.

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Sensors

We currently supply three different types of sensors to be used with our Hot Disk® instruments – configured in tandem with our range of Measurement Modules. All three sensor types make use of a TPS element – a patterned Nickel foil with electrically insulating cladding – that is used for simultaneous transient heating and precise temperature reading.

Our patented Hot Disk® sensor is our baseline sensor for measuring Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of isotropic samples. It is also used for testing 2D anisotropic samples, e.g. uniaxial crystals and layered composites with different properties in the in- and through-plane directions. Our patented Hot Strip™ sensor is used as complement to our Hot Disk® sensor, primarily for testing 3D anisotropic samples, e.g. biaxial crystals and fiber composites with different properties along, across, and through the fiber orientation direction. Our Hot Cell™ sensor is our newest type addition, developed in-house to measure the Specific Heat Capacity of materials or components (with focus on batteries) of arbitrary type, shape, and size.

Hot Disk® Sensors

Our patented Hot Disk® sensors are used for testing Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity. They have a double spiral patterned Nickel foil, and come in three different claddings – Kapton, Teflon, and Mica. This encapsulation accommodates the Hot Disk sensor for a vast range of ambient temperatures, environments, atmospheres and surrounding media. The use of Nickel sensor spirals allows for very sensitive temperature readings, while the cladding provides electrical insulation, mechanical stability and durability.

Our sensors with Kapton insulation are designed to operate up to 300°C (or 400°C in oxygen-free environment), while our Mica-insulated ones function in the 300°C to 800°C range (or 1000°C in special cases). The Teflon-insulated sensors are in turn employed in acidic or corroding environments up to 250°C.

Hot Disk sensors come in radii ranging from 0.5 mm to 30 mm. Thus, small samples of high density as well as large porous samples of low density can be tackled with high accuracy. Our sensors are available either with or without cable appendages. Cables are offered in various claddings to suit the measurements in question: gray polymer for <50°C; red silicone for <180°C; or with white ceramic ring coils for demanding scenarios up to 1000°C. For cryogenic temperatures thin-diameter silicone-cladded cables are offered.

At temperatures above 500°C, our Mica-insulated sensors must be considered perishables, and are hence offered in bulk. Analogously, our Teflon-insulated sensors allow for measurements in corrosive environments/media, with lifespans correspondlingly limited. Finally, our Kapton-insulated sensors, handled with care and stored appropriately, typically offer years of reliable operation.

Hot Disk Sensor 5501 Kapton
Hot Disk® Sensors
Kapton-insulated
Precision measurements up to 400°C

Our Kapton-insulated sensors are the most versatile in the Hot Disk® sensor portfolio, employed at temperatures from -253°C (20 K) to 400°C. They are mechanically highly flexible, and frequently attain a lifetime of several years when employed with care. The Kapton-insulated Hot Disk® sensors are available in seventeen models of different radii to date, catering to a wide range of sample sizes and topical applications.

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Hot Disk Sensor 5465 Teflon
Hot Disk® Sensors
Teflon-insulated
Coping with nasty samples and environments up to 250°C

Our Teflon-insulated Hot Disk® sensors are mechanically flexible, geared toward liquid- or high-viscosity immersion and temperatures up to 250°C. They are designed for use in extreme conditions, such as acidic or corrosive environments, or with sticky and reactive samples. The Teflon-insulated Hot Disk® sensors are today available in six smaller-radii models.

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Hot Disk® Sensors
Mica-insulated
Tackling measurements up to 1000°C

Our Mica-insulated Hot Disk® sensors are mechanically firm and designed for measurements at elevated temperatures, typically in the 300°C to 1000°C range. Coming in eight models of different radii to date, they are commonly more perishable at higher temperatures, while easily replaced and available in bulk.

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Auxiliaries

To accommodate the testing needs of its clients, Hot Disk offers a spectrum of auxiliaries, either developed in-house or via trusted third parties. In this product category we offer solutions for temperature control via cryostats, bath circulators, convection-, muffle- and tubular furnaces. In addition, we arrange sensor switch units for scenarios where multiple-point and uninterrupted measurements are required from a single Hot Disk® instrument working with multiple Hot Disk®, Hot Strip™, or Hot Cell™ sensors. We also offer a range of sample holders and sensor fixtures for all manner of sample geometries, types, and ambient temperatures. This as well as a wealth of practical items, such as sensor extension cables, PT100 ambient temperature sensors, and sample pressure control solutions. Hot Disk also offers a selection of verification samples, including ones of stainless steel, crystal quartz, and PMMA.

Temperature Control Units (TCUs)

We supply several third-party TCUs that together cover just about the complete sample temperature range of Hot Disk® instruments, which ranges from -253 °C (20 K) to 1000 °C. These TCUs have customized feedthrough for the dedicated Hot Disk® sensor cabling, and our accessories of Hot Disk® sensor interfaces and sample holders with inserts have been tailored to suit. They all have a temperature stability better than ±0.5°C, which is needed to perform measurements with high accuracy and precision using our instruments. The TCUs are automatically controlled via the Hot Disk® Desktop App to work in tandem with relevant Hot Disk® instruments.

Hot Disk Continuous-Flow Cryostat (78 K to RT)
  • New
Continuous-Flow Cryostat
78 K (-195°C) to Room Temperature

This floor-standing cryostat uses a continuous flow of liquid nitrogen from a storage dewar for cooling, and a resistive wire element for heating. The system consists of four separated parts: a cylindrically shaped vacuum chamber, with a liquid nitrogen vessel on top, both integrated into a floor-stand; a temperature control unit; a turbomolecular pump; and a self-pressurized dewar.

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Bath Circulator Bath with Sample Holder
Bath Circulator
-40°C to 200°C

This floor-standing bath circulator uses a refrigeration system with EU-approved, Propene (A45) coolant medium for cooling, and an electrical heating element for heating. The bath circulator has a corrosion-resistant stainless steel reservoir of 12 liters for the bath volume. The box-shaped working area of this temperature vessel is 6 liters.

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Convection Oven
Convection Oven
Room Temperature to 300°C, 400°C, 500°C or 600°C

This benchtop convection oven uses a fan with a heating element around it for heating. The oven comes with a box-shaped temperature chamber with an optional volume of 30 liters or 60 liters.

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Muffle Furnace
Muffle Furnace
Room Temperature to 800°C

This benchtop ceramic muffle furnace uses a resistive wire-wound element for heating. The furnace comes in a box-shaped temperature chamber with a volume of either 4 liters or 6 liters.

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Small Tubular Furnace
Non-Split Tube Furnace
Room Temperature to 1000°C

This smaller benchtop horizontal tube furnace of non-split-type uses multiple zone metal coil elements for heating. The furnace has a removable tube-shaped and vacuum-sealed temperature chamber of inner diameter 50 mm.

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Large Tubular Furnace
Split Tube Furnace
Room Temperature to 1000°C

This larger benchtop horizontal tube furnace of split-type uses multiple zone metal coil elements for heating. The furnace has a removable tube-shaped and vacuum-sealed temperature chamber of inner diameter 100 mm. The split-type design reduces tube cooling time.

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PT100 Temperature Sensor
-80°C to 260°C

The PT100 temperature sensor is used optionally for registering the ambient temperature close to the sample and prior to a measurement with the Hot Disk® instrument. It is especially useful when using a TCU as the sample temperature might differ from that registered by the integrated TCU thermometer. Note that this PT100 temperature sensor is not used for automatic temperature control of our TCU units.

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PT100 Temperature Sensor
-80°C to 400°C

The PT100 temperature sensor is used optionally for registering the ambient temperature close to the sample and prior a measurement with the Hot Disk® instrument. It is especially useful when using a TCU as the sample temperature might differ from that registered by the integrated TCU thermometer. Note that this PT100 temperature sensor is not used for automatic temperature control of our TCU units.

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Sensor Switch Units

The switch units are primarily used for enabling high-throughput QC-testing. We currently offer two switch units, with eight and four sensor ports for Hot Disk®, Hot Strip™, or Hot Cell™ sensors respectively. Each of these sensor ports is paired with a PT100 temperature sensor port, enabling ambient temperature monitoring for each individual port.

The sensor switch units are automatically controlled by the Hot Disk® Desktop App to work in tandem with relevant Hot Disk® instruments.

Front of Hot Disk Sensor Switch-8
  • New
Hot Disk Switch-8

This benchtop eight-port sensor switch unit is ideal for large scale rapid QC testing in production lines with Hot Disk® instruments. It also allows for smooth multiple-point QC testing or R&D measurements over large sample/component areas. The switch unit comes with eight sensor ports for Hot Disk®, Hot Strip™ or Hot Cell™ sensors. All eight sensor ports are paired with individual PT100 temperature sensor ports.

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Front of Hot Disk Switch-4
  • New
Hot Disk Switch-4

Tailored for smaller-scale QC testing scenarios, this benchtop four-port sensor switch unit is ideal for rapid QC testing in production lines with Hot Disk® instruments. It also allows for smooth multiple-point QC testing or R&D measurements over large sample/component areas. The switch unit comes with four sensor ports for Hot Disk®, Hot Strip™ or Hot Cell™ sensors. All four sensor ports are paired with individual PT100 temperature sensor ports.

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Accessories

A variety of Hot Disk® or Hot Strip™ sensor cables, sensor interfaces, and sample holders with accessories are available for accommodating different sample sizes, sample types (bulks, slabs, powders, pastes, liquids etc.), sample pressures, sample temperatures, and our TCU’s respective temperature-chamber volumes. A limited range of Hot Disk® verification samples is also offered.

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Sensor Cable – Room Temperature
-20°C to 50°C

This grey-colored polymer-clad sensor cable is intended to operate in room temperature with our Kapton- or Teflon-insulated Hot Disk®, Hot Strip™, or Hot Cell™ sensors. It comes with an 8-pin Lemo connector in one end for connection to our Hot Disk® instruments (or our sensor switch units), and with four bare wires at the other end for permanent connection to the sensor.

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Sensor Cable – Low to Medium Temperatures
-60°C to 180°C

This red-colored silicone-clad sensor cable is intended for measurements at low to medium temperatures, down to -60°C and up to up to 180°C, with our Kapton- or Teflon-insulated Hot Disk®, Hot Strip™, or Hot Cell™ sensors. The cable comes with a 4-pin Lemo connector in one end and with four bare wires in the other end for permanent connection to the sensor.

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  • New
Sensor Cable – Cryogenic Temperatures
Down to 20 K (-253°C)

This red-and-black colored silicone-clad thin-diameter sensor cable is intended for measurements at cryogenic temperatures, down to 20 K, using a cryostat and our Kapton- or Teflon-insulated Hot Disk® or Hot Strip™ sensors.

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Sensor Cable Extension
-20°C to 50°C

This grey-colored polymer-clad sensor cable extension is for accommodating measurement scenarios requiring longer distances between the testing point and the Hot Disk® instrument. It comes with an 8-pin Lemo connector in both ends for a smooth extension of our room temperature sensor cable or adaptor cable.

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Sensor Cable Adaptor
-20°C to 50°C

This grey-colored polymer-clad sensor cable adaptor is intended for our low- to medium-temperature sensor cables, converting their 4-pin Lemo connector into the 8-pin Lemo connector needed for connection to our instruments (and switch units).

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Sensor Interface – High Temperatures
Up to 300°C

This sensor interface is intended for temporarily connecting bare Kapton- or Teflon-insulated Hot Disk® or Hot Strip™ sensors to sensor wires, and to accommodate measurements at high temperatures, up to 300°C.

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Sensor Interface – High Temperatures
Up to 800°C

This sensor interface is intended for temporarily connecting bare Mica-insulated Hot Disk® sensors to sensor wires, and to accommodate measurements at very high temperatures, up to 800°C.

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Sample Holder for Solids
Room Temperature (or up to 600°C)

This convenient benchtop sample holder is primarily intended for bulk sample testing at room temperature. It can, however, be modified to accommodate ambient temperatures up to 600°C. This allows for the usage in environmental chambers or larger furnaces.

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Sample Holder for Solids – Protective Hood
Room Temperature (or up to 600°C)

The sample holder for solids can be complemented with a protective hood. We strongly recommend the use of this hood to ensure that the full potential of a Hot Disk® instrument in terms of measurement accuracy and precision is utilized.

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Sample Holder for Slabs, Wafers, Sheets, Textiles and Films
Up to 1000°C

This sample holder is to be used when testing highly thermal conductive slab or sheet samples (with our Slab Measurement Module) that are relatively stiff, such as metal slabs, graphite sheets or laminates, and semiconductor wafers. At ambient temperatures below 400°C, this sample holder is typically applied with our Kapton-insulated Hot Disk® sensor models 5501 and 8563. At higher temperatures, it is typically used with our Mica-insulated Hot Disk® sensor model 5082.

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Sample Holder for Fine Powders, Pastes, Gels, Foams and Creams
Up to 1000°C

This sample holder is intended for testing fine powders, pastes, gels, foams, and creams. It is mainly geared toward operation with our Kapton-insulated Hot Disk® sensor models 5465 and 5501 for ambient temperatures below 400°C, but it can also be used with our corresponding Teflon-insulated (for reactive samples) Hot Disk® sensors for ambient temperatures below 250°C. Likewise, it can be used with our Mica-insulated Hot Disk® sensor models 5465 and 5082 for ambient temperatures above 400°C.

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Hot Disk Sample Holder for Powders
Sample Holder for Coarse Powders, Grains, Beads, Granules and Pellets
Up to 400°C

This sample holder is intended for testing granular materials such as coarse powders, grains, granules, beads, and small pellets. It is mainly intended to operate with our Kapton-insulated Hot Disk® sensor model 4922, which has a double-spiral diameter of 29.2 mm. The grain/particle size of the granular sample must be significantly smaller (>10 times), than the double-spiral diameter (i.e. <3 mm for Hot Disk® sensor model 4922).

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Hot Disk Sample Holder for Samples to be Frozen
  • New
Sample Holder for Foods, Pastes, Gels, Foams and Creams
-60°C to 180°C

This sample holder is primarily intended for testing samples to be frozen, such as foods. It can, however, equally well be used for the testing of high viscosity liquids, pastes, gels, foams, and creams. For frozen samples, we recommend the use of our Kapton-insulated Hot Disk® sensor model 8563; this has a double-spiral diameter of 19.8 mm. For high-viscosity liquids, pastes, gels, foams, and creams, we advise Kapton-insulated or Teflon-insulated (for reactive samples) Hot Disk® sensors with somewhat smaller double-spiral diameters.

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Hot Disk Sample Holder for Liquids
Sample Holder for Liquids
-60°C to 180°C

This sample holder is intended for testing liquids, including ones with very low viscosity (such as Toluene). Testing liquids is somewhat challenging, as the heating from the sensor can introduce natural convection in the relevant liquid, especially regarding low-viscosity liquids, which disturbs the measurement results. To minimize this disturbance the sample volume should be small, and hence the sensors will be of modest size. We therefore recommend the use of our Kapton-insulated Hot Disk® sensor models 5465 and 7577, having double-spiral diameters of 6.4 mm and 4.0 mm, respectively, for testing liquids. For reactive samples, our Teflon-insulated Hot Disk sensor models 5465 and 7577 (with some customization) can also be used.

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Weights for Sample Compression
Up to 800°C

These weights are used for pressuring soft sample materials during testing. They are intended primarily for testing thin film samples (with the Thin Film Measurement Module), where they work to reduce the thermal contact resistance between the Hot Disk® sensor and the two thin film sample pieces. The weights can also be used to study the properties of soft bulk materials as a function of pressure. The weights are then stacked to vary the pressure.

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Manual Test Stand for Sample Compression
Room Temperature

This bench-top, manually operated, force-measurement test stand is used for pressuring soft sample materials during testing. It furnishes both precise pressure and displacement monitoring. The manual test stand can conveniently be used to study the properties of soft bulk materials as a function of pressure and/or deformation.

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Verification Sample
Single Material

This is a verification sample of optional material: stainless steel (AISI 316/316L), fused quartz (amorphous silica, SiO2), or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate). Two identical sample pieces are supplied, each having a flat cylindrical shape of diameter 60 mm, and thickness of 20 mm. The two sample pieces come in our smaller-sized signature wooden box with aluminum lid, together with a leaflet and a USB flash drive.

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Verification Samples
Kit of three materials

This kit contains three different verification samples: stainless steel (AISI 316/316L), fused quartz (amorphous silica, SiO2), and PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate). Two identical sample pieces of each material are supplied, each having a flat cylindrical shape of diameter 60 mm, and thickness 20 mm. The six sample pieces come in our larger-sized signature wooden box with aluminum lid, together with a leaflet and a USB flash drive.

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